What is the difference between grass, hay, and haylage?
Grass, hay, and haylage are the most common types of roughage provided to horses, but if you are new to the equine world, you may be confused at what the differences are between them considering they all derive from the same source. Here’s an overview of each:
- Grass: Grass refers to live, growing vegetation that horses graze on when they have access to pasture. Pasture grass provides natural, fresh forage that is rich in nutrients. It is the most natural and preferred form of forage for horses, allowing them to exhibit their natural grazing behaviour. However, the availability of pasture grass depends on the season, climate, and management practices.
- Hay: Hay is dried grass or other plants that are cut, cured, and stored for later use as forage. The process of cutting and drying preserves the nutritional value of the plants. Hay is typically harvested when the grasses or plants have reached a specific growth stage and are at their maximum nutritional value. It provides a source of forage when pasture grass is limited or unavailable, such as during winter or in areas with limited grazing land. Hay can be stored and fed to horses throughout the year.
- Haylage: Haylage, also known as silage, is forage that has undergone a fermentation process before being stored and fed to horses. It involves chopping the grass or other forage, packing it tightly into airtight containers, and allowing it to ferment. The fermentation process produces acids that help preserve the forage and retain its nutritional value. Haylage typically has a higher moisture content compared to hay, and it has a slightly fermented smell. It can provide a nutritious alternative to dry hay and is often used when higher moisture levels are desired in a horse’s diet, such as for horses with dental issues or those needing additional hydration.
The choice between grass, hay, and haylage depends on factors such as availability, season, nutritional needs of the horse, and specific management practices. All three forms of forage can be suitable for horses, but it’s important to ensure they are of good quality, free from moulds or contaminants, and meet the nutritional requirements of the horses being fed. Consulting with an equine nutritionist or veterinarian can help determine the most appropriate forage options for your horses based on their specific needs and circ*mstances.
